| Cetyl Alcohol? | Emulsifier/Thickener | ?Uncertain — Cetyl Alcohol | A fatty alcohol used in topical formulations. Can cause contact dermatitis. |
| Methylparaben | Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Parabens | A preservative used to prevent microbial growth. Can cause allergic contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. |
| Polypropylene Glycol 15 Stearyl Ether | — | ⚠️ Yes — Propylene Glycol | — |
| Propylparaben | Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Parabens | A paraben preservative used to prevent microbial growth. Can cause contact dermatitis in paraben-sensitive individuals. |
| .alpha.-tocopherol Acetate, Dl- | Antioxidant | No | Synthetic vitamin E acetate (racemic form). Used as an antioxidant to protect active ingredients from degradation. |
| Acrylic Acid-2-ethylhexyl Acrylate-2-hydroxyethyl Acrylate-vinyl Acetate Copolymer (for Duro-tak 87-2070)? | Adhesive | No | A pressure-sensitive adhesive polymer used in transdermal patches to hold the patch to the skin. |
| Carbon Dioxide? | Propellant/Preservative | No | Used as a propellant in aerosol products and to displace oxygen in packaging to preserve product stability. |
| Cyclomethicone 5 | Emollient/Carrier | No | A volatile silicone that evaporates quickly, leaving a smooth feel. Used as a carrier and emollient in topical products. |
| Dimethicone 200? | Skin Protectant/Emollient | No | A specific viscosity grade of dimethicone (polydimethylsiloxane). Used as a skin protectant, emollient, and anti-foaming agent. |
| Edetate Disodium | Chelating Agent | No | Also known as EDTA. Binds metal ions to prevent degradation of active ingredients and preserve product stability. |
| Ferric Oxide Red | Colorant | No | Red iron oxide pigment used in tablet coatings and capsule shells. A mineral-based colorant, distinct from FD&C synthetic dyes. |
| Ferric Oxide Yellow | Colorant | No | Yellow iron oxide pigment used in tablet coatings and capsule shells. A mineral-based colorant. |
| Ferrosoferric Oxide | Colorant | No | Black iron oxide used as a pigment in tablet coatings and capsule shells. Derived from iron, not from food allergen sources. |
| Glycerin | Humectant/Solvent | No | A sugar alcohol that attracts moisture. Used as a humectant, solvent, and sweetener in many oral and topical medications. Generally well tolerated. |
| Hamamelis Virginiana Top Water | Skin Conditioner | No | Witch hazel distillate, a plant-derived astringent used in topical formulations to soothe and tone the skin. |
| Isopropyl Isostearate? | Emollient | No | A synthetic ester used as an emollient and skin-conditioning agent in topical formulations. |
| Lauryl Lactate? | — | No | — |
| Magnesium Stearate | Lubricant | No | A lubricant that prevents ingredients from sticking to manufacturing equipment. |
| Phenoxyethanol | Preservative | No | A synthetic preservative used to prevent microbial growth in topical and some oral formulations. Can cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals. |
| Sodium Acetate Anhydrous? | Buffer | No | A sodium salt of acetic acid used as a buffering agent in injectable and ophthalmic solutions. |
| Squalane | Emollient | No | A saturated hydrocarbon used as an emollient and moisturizer. Originally from shark liver oil, now commonly plant-derived (olive or sugarcane). |
| Titanium Dioxide | Colorant/Opacifier | No | A white pigment used for coating opacity. Under regulatory review in some countries. |