| Butylparaben | Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Parabens | A paraben preservative used to prevent microbial growth. Can cause contact dermatitis in paraben-sensitive individuals. |
| Carbomer Homopolymer Type B (allyl Sucrose Crosslinked) | Thickener/Gelling Agent | ⚠️ Yes — Sucrose | A sucrose-crosslinked acrylic acid polymer used to create gels for topical formulations. |
| Castor Oil? | Solvent/Emulsifier | ?Uncertain — Castor Oil | Derived from castor beans. Used in liquid and injectable formulations. Allergic reactions are rare but documented. |
| Cetyl Alcohol | Emulsifier/Thickener | ⚠️ Yes — Cetyl Alcohol | A fatty alcohol used in topical formulations. Can cause contact dermatitis. |
| Ethylparaben | Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Parabens | A paraben preservative used to prevent microbial growth. Can cause contact dermatitis in paraben-sensitive individuals. |
| Glyceryl Stearate/PEG-100 Stearate? | Emulsifier | ?Uncertain — PEG | A self-emulsifying blend of glyceryl stearate and PEG-100 stearate used in creams and lotions. Contains a PEG component. |
| Medium-chain Triglycerides | Solvent/Vehicle | ⚠️ Yes — Coconut | Fatty acid esters derived from coconut or palm kernel oil. Used as a solvent and vehicle in oral and topical formulations. May be relevant for individuals with coconut sensitivity. |
| Methylparaben | Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Parabens | A preservative used to prevent microbial growth. Can cause allergic contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. |
| Propylene Glycol? | Solvent/Humectant | ?Uncertain — Propylene Glycol | An organic compound used as a solvent and humectant. Can cause contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. |
| Propylparaben | Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Parabens | A paraben preservative used to prevent microbial growth. Can cause contact dermatitis in paraben-sensitive individuals. |
| Sesame Oil | Vehicle/Solvent | ⚠️ Yes — Sesame | A seed oil used as a vehicle in some injectable medications and topical formulations. Sesame is a recognized major food allergen (FASTER Act, 2023) — patients with sesame allergy should verify all formulations. |
| Sodium Benzoate | Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Sodium Benzoate | A food preservative. Can cause urticaria and exacerbate asthma in sensitive individuals. |
| 1,2,6-hexanetriol? | Humectant/Plasticizer | No | A synthetic triol used as a humectant and plasticizer in topical and transdermal formulations. |
| Ascorbic Acid | Antioxidant | No | Vitamin C. Used as an antioxidant to prevent degradation of active ingredients and as a pH adjuster. |
| Butylene Glycol | Humectant/Solvent | No | A synthetic glycol used as a humectant and solvent in topical formulations. Helps products spread smoothly on skin. |
| Calcium Citrate | — | No | — |
| Ceteth-20 | — | No | — |
| Citric Acid Monohydrate | pH Adjuster/Buffer | No | Citric acid in its hydrated form. Used to adjust acidity and as a buffering agent. Derived from citrus fruits or fermentation. |
| Corn Oil | Solvent/Vehicle | No | Oil extracted from corn germ, used as a solvent and vehicle in oral formulations. Must be avoided by individuals with corn allergy. |
| Cyclomethicone 5 | Emollient/Carrier | No | A volatile silicone that evaporates quickly, leaving a smooth feel. Used as a carrier and emollient in topical products. |
| Diethyl Phthalate? | — | No | — |
| Dimethicone 20 | Skin Protectant | No | A silicone-based polymer used as a skin protectant, emollient, and anti-foaming agent in topical formulations. |
| Disodium Citrate Sesquihydrate | Buffer | No | A sodium salt of citric acid used as a buffering agent to maintain pH stability in pharmaceutical solutions. |
| Edetate Disodium | Chelating Agent | No | Also known as EDTA. Binds metal ions to prevent degradation of active ingredients and preserve product stability. |
| Glycerin | Humectant/Solvent | No | A sugar alcohol that attracts moisture. Used as a humectant, solvent, and sweetener in many oral and topical medications. Generally well tolerated. |
| Glyceryl Monostearate | Emulsifier | No | An emulsifier that helps oil and water mix in creams and ointments. Derived from glycerin and stearic acid. |
| Hamamelis Virginiana Top Water | Skin Conditioner | No | Witch hazel distillate, a plant-derived astringent used in topical formulations to soothe and tone the skin. |
| Hyaluronate Sodium | Moisturizer/Viscosity Agent | No | Sodium hyaluronic acid. A naturally occurring substance used as a moisturizer and viscosity agent in ophthalmic and topical formulations. |
| Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (2000 Mpa.s At 1%) | — | No | — |
| Iron | — | No | — |
| Lactobionic Acid? | — | No | — |
| Lemon Oil, Cold Pressed | Flavoring/Fragrance | No | A citrus essential oil used as a flavoring and fragrance agent. Contains limonene, which can cause contact sensitization. |
| Magnesium Oxide | Antacid/Desiccant | No | A magnesium compound used as an antacid and desiccant (moisture absorber) in pharmaceutical formulations. |
| Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone Mixture | Preservative | No | A broad-spectrum preservative system (Kathon CG). Known to cause contact dermatitis and allergic sensitization in some individuals. |
| Microcrystalline Wax? | Stiffening Agent | No | A petroleum-derived wax used to adjust consistency in ointments and as a coating agent. |
| N,n-dimethylacetamide? | Solvent | No | An organic solvent used in transdermal and topical formulations to dissolve active ingredients. |
| Olive Oil | Emollient/Vehicle | No | A plant-derived oil used as an emollient and vehicle in topical formulations. |
| Orange Peel | — | No | — |
| Phenoxyethanol | Preservative | No | A synthetic preservative used to prevent microbial growth in topical and some oral formulations. Can cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals. |
| Polysorbate 20 | Emulsifier/Solubilizer | No | A non-ionic surfactant similar to polysorbate 80 but derived from lauric acid. Used to solubilize and stabilize formulations. |
| Potassium Sorbate | Preservative | No | A potassium salt of sorbic acid used to inhibit mold and yeast growth in pharmaceutical formulations. |
| Ppg-20 Methyl Glucose Ether Distearate? | — | No | — |
| Safflower Oil | Emollient/Vehicle | No | A plant-derived oil used as an emollient and vehicle in topical and oral formulations. |
| Silicon | — | No | — |
| Sodium Alginate | Thickener/Binder | No | A natural polysaccharide from seaweed used as a thickener, binder, and sustained-release agent. |
| Sodium Chloride | Tonicity Agent | No | Common table salt. Used to adjust the osmotic pressure of injectable and ophthalmic solutions to match body fluids. |
| Sodium Hydroxide | pH Adjuster | No | A strong alkali used to adjust the pH of pharmaceutical solutions. Present only in trace amounts in the final product. |
| Sodium Pyrrolidone Carboxylate | Humectant | No | Sodium PCA. A natural moisturizing factor component used as a humectant in topical formulations. |
| Sodium Tallowate, Beef? | — | No | — |
| Sorbitan? | Emulsifier Base | No | A cyclic dehydration product of sorbitol, used as a base for making sorbitan ester emulsifiers. |
| Soybean | — | No | — |
| Soybean Lecithin | Emulsifier | No | A phospholipid mixture extracted from soybeans, used as an emulsifier and wetting agent. Derived from soy — must be avoided by individuals with soy allergy. |
| Steareth-20 | — | No | — |
| Titanium Dioxide | Colorant/Opacifier | No | A white pigment used for coating opacity. Under regulatory review in some countries. |
| Tocopherol | Antioxidant | No | Natural vitamin E. Used as an antioxidant to protect active ingredients from oxidation and extend product shelf life. |
| Trehalose Dihydrate | Stabilizer/Cryoprotectant | No | A natural disaccharide used to stabilize proteins in freeze-dried formulations and to protect biological products. |
| Triacetin | Plasticizer | No | Glyceryl triacetate. A plasticizer used in film coatings to make them flexible and prevent cracking. |
| Urea | — | No | — |
| Vitamin E Polyethylene Glycol Succinate? | Solubilizer/Emulsifier | No | A water-soluble form of vitamin E (also called TPGS) used to improve the absorption of poorly soluble drugs. Contains a PEG component. |
| Xanthan Gum | Thickener/Stabilizer | No | A polysaccharide produced by bacterial fermentation, used to thicken and stabilize liquid and semi-solid formulations. Derived from corn sugar fermentation — may be relevant for corn-sensitive individuals. |
| Zinc | — | No | — |