| Alcohol | Solvent/Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Alcohol | Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) used as a solvent, preservative, or extraction agent. Present in many liquid formulations. May be relevant for patients avoiding alcohol for medical or religious reasons. |
| Copovidone K25-31 | Binder/Film Former | ⚠️ Yes — Povidone | A copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate used as a binder and film-forming agent in tablets. |
| Peg/ppg-18/18 Dimethicone? | Emulsifier/Skin Conditioner | ?Uncertain — PEG | A silicone-based emulsifier combining PEG and polypropylene glycol with dimethicone. Used in topical formulations for smooth application. |
| Propylene Glycol? | Solvent/Humectant | ?Uncertain — Propylene Glycol | An organic compound used as a solvent and humectant. Can cause contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals. |
| Sodium Benzoate | Preservative | ⚠️ Yes — Sodium Benzoate | A food preservative. Can cause urticaria and exacerbate asthma in sensitive individuals. |
| 1,2,6-hexanetriol? | Humectant/Plasticizer | No | A synthetic triol used as a humectant and plasticizer in topical and transdermal formulations. |
| Aluminum Hydroxide | Antacid/Adjuvant | No | An aluminum salt used as an antacid ingredient and as an adjuvant in some vaccine formulations. |
| Aluminum Oxide | Abrasive/Adsorbent | No | Alumina. Used as an adsorbent, abrasive, and processing aid in pharmaceutical manufacturing. |
| Butylene Glycol | Humectant/Solvent | No | A synthetic glycol used as a humectant and solvent in topical formulations. Helps products spread smoothly on skin. |
| Glycerin | Humectant/Solvent | No | A sugar alcohol that attracts moisture. Used as a humectant, solvent, and sweetener in many oral and topical medications. Generally well tolerated. |
| Hamamelis Virginiana Top Water | Skin Conditioner | No | Witch hazel distillate, a plant-derived astringent used in topical formulations to soothe and tone the skin. |
| Methacrylic Acid - Methyl Methacrylate Copolymer (1:1)? | Enteric Coating | No | An acrylic polymer (Eudragit L100) used for enteric coating that dissolves in the intestine rather than the stomach. |
| Monosodium Glutamate Hydrate? | Stabilizer/Buffer | No | MSG in hydrated form. Used as a stabilizer and buffering agent in some pharmaceutical formulations. May cause reactions in individuals with MSG sensitivity. |
| Octyldodecanol? | Emollient/Solvent | No | A branched-chain fatty alcohol used as an emollient, solvent, and viscosity adjuster in topical formulations. |
| Potassium Sorbate | Preservative | No | A potassium salt of sorbic acid used to inhibit mold and yeast growth in pharmaceutical formulations. |
| Powdered Cellulose | Filler/Adsorbent | No | Finely ground plant cellulose used as a filler, adsorbent, and anti-caking agent in tablet formulations. |
| Propylene Carbonate | Solvent | No | An organic solvent used in transdermal patches and topical formulations to dissolve active ingredients. |
| Stearalkonium Chloride? | Conditioning Agent | No | A quaternary ammonium compound used as a conditioning and antistatic agent in topical formulations. |
| Stearic Acid | Lubricant | No | A fatty acid used as a lubricant in tablet manufacturing. |
| Tocopherol | Antioxidant | No | Natural vitamin E. Used as an antioxidant to protect active ingredients from oxidation and extend product shelf life. |
| Tromethamine | Buffer/pH Adjuster | No | Also known as Tris or THAM. An organic buffer used to adjust pH in injectable and ophthalmic formulations. |